Besakih Karangasem Temple is a place of worship for Hinduism in Bali. Besides that, in this temple area, there is not only one temple but many temples. Because there are so many temples in one area, Besakih Bali Temple is the largest temple in Indonesia.
Pura Besakih Bali is also often called Pura Agung Besakih. The location of Besakih Temple is in Besakih Village, Rendang District, Karangasem Regency, Bali.
Besakih Bali Temple consists of 1 central temple, which is named Penataran Agung Besakih Temple, and there are 18 accompanying temples around the Penataran Agung Besakih Temple. 1 Basukian Temple and 17 other temples
If you have seen photos of this temple, then you will see that there are many steps and there is a very large gate. This gate is the entrance to the central area of the Penataran Agung Besakih Temple.
Besakih Temple in Bali is the location of the center of religious activities for Balinese Hindus, and Penataran Agung Besakih Temple is the largest temple in this temple area. Penataran Agung Besakih Temple has the most places or buildings for worship. The Balinese usually call it Pelinggih, and it is the center of this temple.
Tourist attractions in Karangasem Regency
TIRTA GANGGABali Odyssey Submarine Tour
Candidasa
Jemeluk
Padangbai
Pura Besakih
seraya
Taman Ujung Soekasada
Tenganan Pengrisingan
Tulamben
Virgin Beach Karangasem
The biggest Hindu temple in Bali
Next, we will briefly discuss the history of Besakih Karangasem Temple. The goal is that when you visit one of Bali's temple tourist attractions, you will already have an idea of which other Bali tourist attractions you will visit.
Pura Agung Besakih in Bali is well known to foreign countries, so many foreign or domestic tourists visit this place. Because of the size of this temple, Pura Agung Besakih got the name "mother of temples" in Bali.
If you see a magnificent temple building now, it was previously located in a wilderness. Of course, you can imagine the wilderness of ancient times, and of course there will be lots of animals.
Besakih Temple is one of the largest temples in Bali. Besakih Temple is part of Karangasem tourism and must be visited.
Pura Agung Besakih is located in Besakih Village, Rendang District, on the southwest slope of Mount Agung, which is the highest mountain in Bali. Access from Denpasar City to reach this place is about 25 km to the north from Semarapura City in Klungkung Regency.
The journey to Besakih Temple passes through the panorama of Jambul Hill, which is also one of the objects and tourist attractions of Karangasem Regency.
And the attractions of Besakih Temple for tourists are as follows:
- distinctive and historic architecture
- The temple complex is 20 ha in size.
- There are 46 temples, ranging from large temples to small temples.
- From 8 a.m. to 17 p.m., Besakih Temple is open.
- The price of admission to Besakih Temple is Rp. 30,000 per person.
- The price of a motorcycle parking ticket is Rp. 5,000.
- The price of a parking ticket is Rp 10,000.
Besakih Temple was deliberately chosen in a village that is considered sacred because of its high location, which is called Hulundang Basukih, which later became Besakih Village. The name Besakih is taken from Sanskrit, "wasuki," or in Old Javanese "basuki," which means "safe." In addition, the name Besakih Temple is also based on the mythology of Naga Basuki as a counterweight to Mount Mandara.
Many relics of the megalithic era, such as menhirs, stone thrones, and pyramid terrace structures found in the Besakih Temple complex, indicate that as a sacred place, Besakih seems to have come from a very old age, long before the influence of Hinduism.
Brief History of Besakih Temple
The builder of the Besakih Temple is a Hindu religious figure from India who has long lived on the island of Java; his name is Rsi Markandeya.
It is said that at that time there was no Bali Strait, as there is now, because the islands of Java and Bali were still one and had not been separated by the sea. Because the islands are so long that we now call them the islands of Java and Bali, this island was named Dawa Island, which means long island.
Initially, Rsi Markandeya, the founder of this temple, meditated on Mount Hyang (Mount Dieng in Central Java). After a long period of asceticism, Rsi Markandeya received a revelation to explore the forest on Dawa Island from the south to the north.
In the forest encroachment, Rsi Markandeya planted a jug filled with metal and holy water. These metals include gold metal, silver metal, copper metal, iron metal, and bronze metal. The five metals in Balinese society are called Pancadatu.
In addition to metals, gems are also planted, one of which is called Mirahadi, which means the main ruby. The place where the jugs were planted is called Basuki, which means safe. Given the name Basuki, which means "congratulations," because the followers of Rsi Markandeya survived the forest encroachment while carrying out their duties. Over time, Basuki's name changed to Besakih.
The Besakih Temple Complex was built based on the balance of nature in the Tri Hita Karana concept, where the arrangement is adjusted according to the cardinal directions so that the building structure can represent nature as a symbol of this balance. Each of the four cardinal directions is called a mandala, with a ruling deity called "Dewa Catur Lokapala" where the middle mandala is the axis, so that the five mandalas are manifested as "Panca Dewata."
The description of the Besakih Temple building structure based on the concept of the cardinal directions is:
- Penataran Agung Besakih Temple is at the center of the mandala in the middle direction and is the largest temple of the existing group of temples, which is dedicated to worshiping Lord Iwa.
- dark temple in the east to worship Lord Içwara;
- Kiduling Kereteg Temple in the south to worship Lord Brahma
- Ulun Kulkul Temple in the west to worship Lord Mahadewa;
- Batumadeg Temple in the north to worship Lord Vishnu.
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